International Conference on Power and Energy Engineering September 29-30, 2016 London, UK

Gavin K Gillmore completed his PhD in 1990 from University College London and received Shell CASE award. He worked for a Hydrocarbon Consultancy company before moving to academia and becoming the Head of School of Geography, Geology and the Environment for 10 years. He is now the Head of Kingston Energy at Kingston University, leads the Energy Theme within the Faculty of Science Engineering and Computing Centre for Engineering, Environment and Society Research and attends the All-Party Parliamentary Group on Energy Studies. He is also the Chairof the Doctoral Training Alliance Energy Training group. He has published more than 70 papers in international peer-reviewed journals and is a Guest Editor for some publications.

The Energy Trilemma demonstrates that there is a balance required between energy security, equity and environmental sustainability. What is the future for energy in the UK in the light of this, nuclear development delays and issues around shale gas? Data on potential shale targets is scarce with many questions remaining unanswered. With more efficient renewables, we can make an impact on carbon budgets. The use of smart meters and understanding how we can integrate smart systems into decision making processes is key. Smart meters though are only useful if the way that we use such systems is considered in their design. Where other energy efficiencies are concerned – the use of nano-coatings on wind turbines designed to shed water, preventing the build-up of ice can greatly improve power generation efficiency. We also need to consider transportation. Some companies have made EVs fashionable due to good design and marketing. It is interesting to note that UK Research Councils are currently growing investment in energy storage, efficiency and whole energy systems. So what are the solutions for our Energy needs? Is it in examples such as the Swansea Bay Tidal lagoon (320MW installed capacity, 155,000 homes, requested strike price £168/MWh); or Hinkley nuclear power station (3.2 GW, 5 million homes, strike price £90/MWh)? Whatever direction the UK takes, many potential developers are crying out for more stability in the energy sector for investors.

Jian Wang is the Professor of Aircraft Technology and research director in the school of Aerospace and Aircraft Engineering. He received the B Eng. in solid mechanics at the National University of Defence Technology, China, in 1982. After working in the industry in China for nearly 10 years, He came to the UK in 1993 and completed his Ph.D. in 1998 at Cardiff University, where he worked as a research associate before moving to Cambridge University in a similar role. He was then a lecturer at Queen’s University Belfast before joining Kingston University In September 2009. Jian’s main

research areas include renewable energy, structural design, vibro-acoustic and noise control, structure & flow interactions, and aircraft anti-icing. He has secured research funding from EPSRC, TSB, and Industry. He was awarded the 2010 Kenneth Harris James Prize by the Aerospace Division of the Institute of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE) and the George Stephenson Prize from the IMechE. He is an Associate Fellow of American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) and Member of the Editorial Board for three international journals as well as a Fellow of the Higher Education Academy.

Bing Wang worked as a Visiting Researcher at Technological University of Munich as a Humboldt Fellow. He is now the Vice Deputy Director of School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University. He has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of Journal of Engineering. His research interests include fundamentals of turbulent combustion and multiphase flows, combustion instabilities and new conception propulsion, combined cycle power (RDBCC, RBCC, TBCC) and scramjets.

Combustion instabilities, characterized by high amplitude pressure oscillations, widely occur in power devices and propulsion engines, especially under the extreme flow conditions. However, it is usually difficult to measure the pressure oscillations and heat release simultaneously. Therefore, numerical analysis has become one of important research approaches for study on combustion instabilities. Considered the flow compressibility of the unstable combustion, high-order numerical schemes are necessary for resolving the local high pressure oscillations, and moreover the careful treatments of chemical reaction should be taken for proceeding numerical simulation stable and fast. The present authors have tried to establish a high-resolution numerical solver for computing the incompressible/compressible reactive flows. This presentation will introduce and compare the numerical procedures acquired in this solver for computing the fluxes using different hybrid ENO schemes, dealing with chemical stiffness problems, and their interaction with the compressible fluids. As examples, the high pressure diffusion combustion in liquid rocket engine combustor is numerically simulated and the high frequency acoustics instabilities are detailed to reveal the physics mechanism, which is founded by the present authors that local quasiconstant volume combustion, regarded as local hotspots, will drive the high pressure oscillations. The similar analysis was done in the lean premixed combustion of a model turbine combustor. The present authors also find the local hotspots in the supersonic mixing layer flows which are employed in the combustor of the scramjet. Many other important characteristics of flow/flame structure and ignition/extinction are analyzed under the supersonic flow condition.

Rikiya Abe graduated in the Electronics Engineering from the University of Tokyo and received Doctor degree at Kyushu University, working long time at whole sale power company, J-POWER in Japan. He was a Visiting Researcher at Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). He is now a Project Professor at the University of Tokyo, Graduate course of Technology Management for Innovation (TMI) from 2008. He developed the Digital Grid concept which represents “Internet of Power”. He established a “not-for-profit organization of Digital Grid Consortium” in September 2011 and is working as a CEO. He is a Co-Chair of Presidential Endowed Chair of the “Electric Power Network Innovation by Digital Grid”, at the University of Tokyo, from June 2012. He also started a venture company, the Digital Grid Inc., to apply Digital Grid technology in the world. The company has started off-grid solution in Tanzania and is operating 550 solar kiosks to provided minimum electricity requirement. His research fields are: Smart Grid, Micro Grid, Digital Grid, Energy Storage, Power Electronics, Demand Response and Demand Fix.

Conventional electric network systems have been well designed, and expanded largely to thousands of kilo-meters, in last 140 years. Smart grid and microgrid concepts tried remodeling this architecture, however, the fundamental mechanism of synchronous system has never changed. An increase of wind energy and photovoltaics is a significant challenge to this synchronous system, because these new energies do not have synchronization mechanism in nature. In order not only to accept but also to fulfill with these free energy in the grid, we have to create a new grid architecture. Digital grid concept proposes the mitigation process to remodeling of the current grid system. First, we propose to segment the conventional grid into smaller grids to create renewable energy-rich “Cell” via asynchrous back to back (BTB) inteface. Second, we propose “Time-based Synchronization” as a new synchronization mechanism for many power conditioners and inverters inside the cell. Third, we propose such BTB interfaces are to be identified with IP addresses, so that all the power transactions are tagged and logged. Our proposal of “Digital Grid Router (DGR)” has these features, which is composed of multiple AC/DC bi-deirectional inverter with common DC bus. DGR will be a software driven inverter with common hadware design. Internet connection of the DGR will provide similar funtion of money server and receiver. Block chain will be a promissing technology for financial side of power, CO2 transaction and those derivatives. Power electronics, internet and fintech will create a new future of grid architecture for renewable energy era.Conventional electric network systems have been well designed, and expanded largely to thousands of kilo-meters, in last 140 years. Smart grid and microgrid concepts tried remodeling this architecture, however, the fundamental mechanism of synchronous system has never changed. An increase of wind energy and photovoltaics is a significant challenge to this synchronous system, because these new energies do not have synchronization mechanism in nature. In order not only to accept but also to fulfill with these free energy in the grid, we have to create a new grid architecture. Digital grid concept proposes the mitigation process to remodeling of the current grid system. First, we propose to segment the conventional grid into smaller grids to create renewable energy-rich “Cell” via asynchrous back to back (BTB) inteface. Second, we propose “Time-based Synchronization” as a new synchronization mechanism for many power conditioners and inverters inside the cell. Third, we propose such BTB interfaces are to be identified with IP addresses, so that all the power transactions are tagged and logged. Our proposal of “Digital Grid Router (DGR)” has these features, which is composed of multiple AC/DC bi-deirectional inverter with common DC bus. DGR will be a software driven inverter with common hadware design. Internet connection of the DGR will provide similar funtion of money server and receiver. Block chain will be a promissing technology for financial side of power, CO2 transaction and those derivatives. Power electronics, internet and fintech will create a new future of grid architecture for renewable energy era.